Search results for "Foramen Magnum"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Endoscope-assisted Brain Surgery: Part 2—Analysis of 380 Procedures
1998
Objectives Microsurgical techniques and instruments that help to reduce intraoperative retraction of normal intracranial neuronal and vascular structures contribute to improved postoperative results. To achieve sufficient control of the operating field without retraction of neurovascular components, the resection of dura and bone edges is frequently required, which, on the other hand, increases operating time and operation-related trauma. The use of endoscopes may help to reduce retraction and, at the same time, may help to avoid additional dura and bone resection. The aim of this study is to describe the principles on which the technique of endoscope-assisted brain surgery is based, to giv…
The supracondylar approach to the jugular tubercle and hypoglossal canal.
1998
BACKGROUND Circumscribed lesions of the hypoglossal canal and of the jugular tubercle still remain a surgical challenge. So far, transpetrosal, transcondylar suboccipital, and extreme lateral approaches have been used to access this region. These surgical procedures bear a high risk for neurological deficits. Therefore, we introduce a new minimally invasive extradural approach to the hypoglossal canal that also allows access to the lateral aspects of the jugular tubercle. METHODS After a paramedian retromastoid skin incision, a basal suboccipital craniectomy lateral to the foramen magnum toward the jugular tubercle is performed. With this approach the occipital condyle and the lateral osseo…
Le supra-occipital des Cétacés et des Rongeurs fouisseurs. Une convergence morphologique induite par le pôle post-céphalique ?
2000
A comparative study of the cranial morphologies of cetaceans and of rodents that use their incisors for burrowing brings out morphological convergences concerning the supra-occipital bone. These phyletically very remote groups are both subject to the same mechanical constraint, viz. the need for the spinal column to be aligned with the anteroposterior axis of the skull. This constraint, which is related to swimming in cetaceans and burrowing in rodents, entails three major points of convergence: 1) a clearly backward facing foramen magnum; 2) a shortened or even greatly shortened neck, sometimes with cervical vertebrae fused together; and 3) an uprighted or even forward tilted supra-occipit…
Intracranial Pressure and Mass Displacements of the Intracranial Contents
1976
The brain is completely surrounded by the bony skull and its closely adherent, tough, dural inner lining. This converts the enclosed space into a watertight chamber with the exception of the small, basally situated foramen magnum. In adults, these factors combine to prevent the skull from expanding. Consequently, the intracranial volume cannot fluctuate. In addition, the intracranial contents — blood, brain, and spinal fluid — are essentially noncompressible.
The Role of Endoscopy in the Treatment of Acute Traumatic Anterior Epidural Hematoma of the Cervical Spine: Case Report
1997
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Epidural hematoma (EDH) of the spine represents an uncommon neurosurgical disorder that sometimes requ;res emergent surgical decompressive therapy. Traumatic EDH of the cervical spine is exceedingly rare. The hematoma is usually located dorsally in the epidural space. We present one case of acute EDH located ventrally in the cervical spine. Special emphasis is placed on the role of spinal endoscopy in surgical treatment. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: After a fall from a tree, a 69-year-old man with rapidly increasing tetraparesis was referred to our institution. Plain films of the cervical spine revealed nothing abnormal. The results of computed tomography were highly sus…
Correlation coefficients in human skulls: Significant sexual differences
1987
This study of 500 male and female skulls proves: significant differences of correlation coefficients (p less than or equal to 0.01) occur between the two sexes. The combined variables are: 1. bizygomatic breadth (45)/skull base length (5) 2. bizygomatic breadth (45)/foramen magnum length (7) 3. bizygomatic breadth (45)/foramen magnum breadth (16) 4. bizygomatic breadth (45)/basion-bregma height (17) 5. foramen magnum breadth (16)/skull base length (5) Female skulls have generally higher correlation coefficients values than males which is interpreted as an indication of homogeneous growth.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Decompression in Chiari I Malformation
2019
Chiari malformations (CMs) includes different pathologies sharing common anatomic deformities of the brainstem and cerebellum. CM type I was originally introduced by Hans Chiari and described as an “elongation of the tonsils and the medial parts of the inferior lobes of the cerebellum into cone-shaped projections which accompany the medulla oblongata into the spinal canal.” The prevalence of CM has been estimated to be between 0.1% and 0.5%, but it is possible that higher rates will be identified since the increasing the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in common clinical practice. Clinical studies have shown an equal prevalence in both sexes without particular ethnic or geographic d…
Orofacial clinical features in Arnold Chiari type I malformation: A case series
2017
Background Arnold Chiari malformation (ACM) is characterized by an anatomical defect at the base of the skull where the cerebellum and the spinal cord herniate through the foramen magnum into the cervical spinal canal. Among the subtypes of the condition, ACM type I (ACM-I) is particularly outstanding because of the severity of symptoms. This study aimed to analyze the orofacial clinical manifestations of patients with ACM-I, and discuss their demographic distribution and clinical features in light of the literature. Material and methods A case series with patients with ACM-I treated between 2012 and 2015 was described. The sample consisted of patients who were referred by the Department of…